Paul SIMMONDS (VK5PAS)
  • WELCOME
  • MY LIFE IN AMATEUR RADIO
  • WIA PRESIDENTS AWARDS
  • CONTACTS MADE
  • MY AMATEUR RADIO STATION
    • Standard licence conditions
    • My antennas
    • My previous antennas
    • My transceivers
    • My shack project
    • Old shack photos
    • My towers
    • ANTENNA/TX SWITCHER
    • Microphones
    • Communications receivers & scanners
    • My logging program
    • Rotators
    • CW equipment
    • BITX40
    • Other equipment
    • EMDRC Powerpole Dist Board Kit
  • VK5PAS - QSL CARDS RECEIVED
    • AFGHANISTAN
    • ALAND ISLANDS
    • ALASKA
    • ALBANIA
    • ALGERIA
    • AMERICAN SAMOA
    • AMSTERDAM & ST PAUL ISLANDS
    • ANDAMAN ISLANDS
    • ANDORRA
    • ANGOLA
    • ANGUILLA
    • ANTARCTICA
    • ANTIGUA & BARBUDA
    • ARGENTINA
    • ARMENIA
    • ARUBA
    • ASIATIC RUSSIA
    • AUSTRAL ISLAND
    • AUSTRALIA
    • AUSTRIA
    • AZORES
    • BAHAMAS
    • BAHRAIN
    • BALEARIC ISLANDS
    • BANABA ISLAND
    • BANGLADESH
    • BARBADOS
    • BELARUS
    • BELGIUM
    • BELIZE
    • BENIN
    • BERMUDA
    • BHUTAN
    • BOLIVIA
    • BONAIRE
    • BOSNIA
    • BOTSWANA
    • BRAZIL
    • BRUNEI
    • BULGARIA
    • CAMBODIA
    • CAMEROON
    • CANADA
    • CANARY ISLANDS
    • CAPE VERDE
    • CAYMAN ISLANDS
    • CENTRAL KIRIBATI
    • CEUTA AND MELILLIA
    • CHAGOS ISLAND
    • CHATHAM ISLANDS
    • CHILE
    • CHINA
    • CHRISTMAS ISLAND
    • CLIPPERTON ISLAND
    • COCOS KEELING ISLANDS
    • COLOMBIA
    • COMOROS
    • CONGO
    • CONWAY REEF
    • CORSICA
    • COSTA RICA
    • CRETE
    • CROATIA
    • CUBA
    • CURACAO
    • CYPRUS
    • CZECH REPUBLIC
    • DENMARK
    • DJIBOUTI
    • DODECANESE
    • DOMINICA
    • DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
    • EAST KIRIBATI
    • EAST MALAYSIA
    • EASTER ISLAND
    • ECUADOR
    • EGYPT
    • EL SALVADOR
    • ENGLAND
    • ERITREA
    • ESTONIA
    • ESWANTINI (SWAZILAND)
    • ETHIOPIA
    • EUROPEAN RUSSIA
    • FALKLAND ISLANDS
    • FAROE ISLANDS
    • FIJI
    • FINLAND
    • FRANCE
    • FRENCH GUIANA
    • FRENCH POLYNESIA
    • GABON
    • GALAPAGOS ISLANDS
    • GEORGIA
    • GERMANY
    • GIBRALTAR
    • GREECE
    • GREENLAND
    • GRENADA
    • GUADELOUPE
    • GUAM
    • GUATEMALA
    • GUERNSEY
    • HAIITI
    • HAWAII
    • HEARD ISLAND
    • HONDURAS
    • HONG KONG
    • HUNGARY
    • ICELAND
    • INDIA
    • INDONESIA
    • IRAN
    • IRAQ
    • IRELAND
    • ISLE OF MAN
    • ISLE OF WIGHT
    • ISRAEL
    • ITALY
    • JAMAICA
    • JAPAN
    • JERSEY
    • JORDAN
    • JUAN FERNANDEZ
    • KALINIGRAD
    • KAZAKHSTAN
    • KENYA
    • KOSOVO
    • KUWAIT
    • KYRGYZSTAN
    • LAKSHADWEEP ISLANDS
    • LAOS
    • LATVIA
    • LEBANON
    • LESOTHO
    • LIECHTENSTEIN
    • LITHUANIA
    • LORD HOWE ISLAND
    • LUXEMBOURG
    • MACAO
    • MACEDONIA
    • MACQUARIE ISLAND
    • MADAGASCAR
    • MADEIRA ISLAND
    • MALAWI
    • MALDIVES
    • MALI
    • MALTA
    • MARION ISLANDS
    • MARKET REEF
    • MARQUESAS ISLANDS
    • MARSHALL ISLANDS
    • MARTINIQUE
    • MAURITANIA
    • MAURITIUS
    • MAYOTTE ISLAND
    • MEXICO
    • MICRONESIA
    • MOLDOVA
    • MONACO
    • MONGOLIA
    • MONTENEGRO
    • MONTSERRAT
    • MOROCCO
    • MOZAMBIQUE
    • MYANMAR
    • NAMIBIA
    • NAURU
    • NEPAL
    • NETHERLANDS
    • NEW CALEDONIA
    • NEW ZEALAND
    • NEW ZEALAND SUB ANTARCTIC
    • NICARAGUA
    • NIGER REPUBLIC
    • NIGERIA
    • NIUE
    • NORFOLK ISLAND
    • NORTH COOK ISLANDS
    • NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS
    • NORTHERN IRELAND
    • NORWAY
    • OGASAWARA
    • OMAN
    • PAKISTAN
    • PALAU
    • PALESTINE
    • PALMYRA & JARVIS ISLANDS
    • PANAMA
    • PAPUA NEW GUINEA
    • PARAGUAY
    • PERU
    • PHILIPPINES
    • PITCAIRN ISLAND
    • POLAND
    • PORTUGAL
    • PUERTO RICO
    • QATAR
    • REUNION ISLAND
    • RODRIGUES ISLAND
    • ROMANIA
    • ROTUMA
    • RWANDA
    • SABA AND ST EUSTATIUS
    • SAMOA
    • SAN ANDRES
    • SAN MARINO
    • SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE
    • SARDINIA
    • SAUDI ARABIA
    • SCOTLAND
    • SENEGAL
    • SERBIA
    • SEYCHELLES
    • SINGAPORE
    • SLOVAK REPUBLIC
    • SLOVENIA
    • SOLOMON ISLANDS
    • SOMALIA
    • SOUTH AFRICA
    • SOUTH COOK ISLANDS
    • SOUTH KOREA
    • SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS
    • SOUTH SUDAN
    • SOVEREIGN MILITARY ORDER OF MALTA
    • SPAIN
    • SPRATLY ISLAND
    • SRI LANKA
    • ST BARTHELMEY
    • ST BRANDON ISLAND
    • ST HELENA ISLAND
    • ST KITTS
    • ST LUCIA
    • ST MAARTEN
    • ST VINCENT
    • SUDAN
    • SVALBARD
    • SWAINS ISLAND
    • SWEDEN
    • SWITZERLAND
    • TAIWAN
    • TAJIKISTAN
    • TANZANIA
    • THAILAND
    • THE GAMBIA
    • TIMOR LESTE
    • TOKELAU
    • TONGA
    • TRINIDAD & TOBAGO
    • TRISTAN DA CUNHA & GOUGH ISLAND
    • TUNISIA
    • TURKEY
    • TURKS & CAICOS
    • TUVALU
    • UGANDA
    • UKRAINE
    • UK SOV BASE AREAS ON CYPRUS
    • UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
    • UNITED NATIONS
    • URUGUAY
    • USA
    • UZBEKISTAN
    • VANUATU
    • VENEZUELA
    • VIETNAM
    • VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH)
    • VIRGIN ISLANDS (USA)
    • WAKE ISLAND
    • WALES
    • WALLIS & FUTUNA
    • WESTERN KIRIBATI
    • WEST MALAYSIA
    • WESTERN SAHARA
    • WILLIS ISLAND
    • ZAMBIA
    • ZIMBABWE
    • MARITIME MOBILE
    • SWL cards
    • Special event QSL cards
    • My QSL Manager, Charles M0OXO
    • My QSL card printer
  • VK5PAS PORTABLE
  • VK5PAS MOBILE
    • VK5PAS MOBILE - QSL CARDS RECEIVED
    • VK5PAS MOBILE - EQSL CARDS RECEIVED
  • AX5PAS
    • Australia Day
    • ANZAC Day
    • AX5PAS QSL cards received
  • VK9PAS NORFOLK ISLAND
    • VK9PAS QSL CARDS RECEIVED
    • VK9PAS - EQSL CARDS RECEIVED
  • SPECIAL CALL SIGNS
    • VK80LAN
    • VK90ABC
    • VI100AF and VK100AF
    • VI100PEACE
    • VI5LWF
    • VK20HOME
    • VI9ANZAC
    • VI5ANZAC
    • VK100ANZAC
    • VK100ANZAC - Farina 2015
    • VI5MARCONI
    • VK5WOW & VI5WOW
    • VI50IARU3
    • VI70MI
  • VK5FPAS - MY OLD CALL
    • QSL CARDS RECEIVED - VK5FPAS
    • LETTERS RECEIVED - VK5FPAS
  • MY QSL INFO
  • MY QTH - ASHBOURNE
    • My property
    • ASHBOURNE HISTORICAL PHOTOS
    • Bushfires
    • Tour Down Under
    • Steam Ranger
    • STRATHALBYN
  • Mount Barker summit
  • Mount Barker from years gone by
  • Classic Adelaide Rally
  • ALL ABOUT AUSTRALIA
    • How big is Australia ?
    • Melbourne Cup
  • SOUTH AUSTRALIA
    • Adelaide
    • South Australia icons
    • Superloop 500 car race
    • Bay to Birdwood
    • Adelaide Crows
    • Adelaide Oval
  • WHAT IS AMATEUR RADIO?
    • History of AR in Australia
    • Patron Saint of AR
    • How many amateurs are in Australia
    • Licences and Callsigns
    • UTC TIME
    • Phonetic alphabet
    • Making a successful QSO
    • Ham jargon
    • QRZ.com
    • Broadcasts
    • Boat anchors
  • PROMOTIONAL VIDEOS
  • AMATEUR RADIO VIDEOS
  • PORTABLE OPERATION
    • Portable Hints
    • Antennas
    • Squid Poles
    • Tuner
    • Batteries/power sources
    • Bitx40
    • Other equipment
    • John Moyle Memorial Field Day
    • Beaches on the Air (BOTA)
    • Freeze your butt off
    • Field Radio
    • Great Outdoors Radio Club
    • Logging contacts
    • Fast Log Entry (FLE)
    • Pedestrian mobile
    • Bicycle mobile
    • Articles
    • Promotional material
  • MOBILE OPERATION
  • VK5 PARKS AWARD
    • CERTIFICATES
    • My VK5 Parks activities >
      • Activator >
        • 2019
        • 2018
        • 2017
        • 2016
        • 2015
        • 2014
        • 2013
      • Hunter >
        • 2017
        • 2016
        • 2015
        • 2014
        • 2013
      • Park to Park
    • Activations with other amateurs
    • Videos >
      • 2020
      • 2019
      • 2017
      • 2016
      • 2015
      • 2014
      • 2013
  • WORLD WIDE FLORA & FAUNA (WWFF)
    • VKFF Awards
    • WWFF Global awards
    • National program awards
    • VKFF Activation Weekend
    • VKFF Team Championship
    • Top VKFF Activator
    • Top VKFF Hunter
    • Top WWFF Activator
    • WWFF QSL cards received
    • My portable QSL cards
    • My WWFF videos >
      • 2020
      • 2019
      • 2018
      • 2017
      • 2016
      • 2015
      • 2014
      • 2013
    • Other activators - videos
    • Activations with other amateurs
    • My favourite activations
    • DX CONTACTS
  • SUMMITS ON THE AIR (SOTA)
    • Getting started in SOTA
    • How do summits qualify?
    • What is prominence?
    • Activation zone
    • Tips for activators
    • Tips for Chasers
    • Australia's mountains & elevation
    • Accessing private property
    • Keeping land owners happy
    • SOTA in South Australia (VK5)
    • My SOTA activities
    • My SOTA certificates
    • My SOTA QSL cards
    • Certificates of Appreciation
    • My SOTA activation videos >
      • 2016
      • 2014
      • 2013
    • Other SOTA videos
    • DX SOTA contacts
    • Activations with other amateurs
    • SOTA QSL cards received
    • SOTA apps
    • Maps
    • Interesting websites
    • Presentations
    • Summitsbase
    • PEAKERY
    • Trig points
    • Stone walls
  • HEMA
    • HEMA VIDEOS
  • GLOBAL MOUNTAIN ACTIVITY GROUP
  • KEITH ROGET MEMORIAL NATIONAL PARKS AWARD
    • My KRMNPA progress
    • 2021
    • 2020
    • 2019
    • 2018
    • 2017
    • 2016
    • 2015
    • 2014
    • 2013
  • ISLANDS ON THE AIR (IOTA)
    • My IOTA activations
    • Troubridge Island - 2023
    • Norfolk Island - 2016
    • Kangaroo Island - 2013
    • Granite Island - 2013
    • Kangaroo Island - 2012
    • IOTA QSL cards received
    • VK IOTA
  • BEACHES ON THE AIR (BOTA)
  • SILOS ON THE AIR (SiOTA)
  • ILLW - LIGHTHOUSE WEEKEND
    • History of ILLW
    • 2022
    • 2017
    • 2016
    • 2013
    • 2012
    • Warburto Light
  • MILLS ON THE AIR
  • AWARDS
    • DXCC
    • New Zealand
    • QRZ.com Awards
    • eQSL Awards
    • WIA Awards
    • WIA Presidents Commendation
    • Digital mode awards
    • 2017 WIA AGM Award
    • Ted Powell Memorial DX Challenge
    • Italian Castles Award
    • VK Shires
    • Japan Awards
    • ANZAC Centennary Award
    • USA Counties Award
    • World Castles Award
  • CONTESTING
    • 2022
    • 2021
    • 2020
    • 2019
    • 2018
    • 2017
    • 2016
    • 2015
    • 2014
    • 2013
    • 2012
    • 2011
    • 2010
    • WIA Contest Champion
    • Freeze your Butt Off (FYBO)
    • WARCA
  • TIPS ON MAKING A QSO
  • SIGNAL REPORTS
  • WORKING DX
    • DX Cluster
    • DX videos & audio
    • DX Code of Conduct
    • Interesting contacts
    • DX Contacts
    • Special Event stations
    • DX articles
  • PROPAGATION
    • Sunspot cycle
    • VOACAP
    • spaceweather.com
    • Space Weather Prediction Center
    • SPACE WEATHER WOMAN 2022
    • SPACE WEATHER WOMAN 2021
    • SPACE WEATHER WOMAN 2020
    • SPACE WEATHER WOMAN 2019
    • SPACE WEATHER WOMAN 2018
    • Propagation articles
    • BEAM HEADINGS
  • COLLECTING QSL CARDS
  • QSL CARD CHECKING
    • DXCC Card checker
    • Logbook of the World (LOTW)
    • CQ Awards
    • WIA Awards
  • 28 MHZ, 10 METRE BAND
    • Sporadic E
    • 10m beacons
    • 10m repeaters
    • 10-10 International
    • 10m Contests
    • 10m band Facebook pages
    • Videos
  • 6M, THE MAGIC BAND
  • 15M BAND
  • DIGITAL MODES
    • FT8
    • PSK31 & PSK63
    • PSK Reporter
  • VHF/UHF
  • MORSE CODE - CW
  • WSPR
  • APRS
  • IRLP
  • AMATEUR SATELLITES
  • QRP
  • ANTENNAS & BALUNS
  • COAX
  • CONNECTORS
  • BATTERIES
  • PORTS
  • TOWERS
  • VSWR
  • OSCILLOSCOPES
  • ELIMINATING NOISE
  • OVER THE HORIZON RADAR
  • RUSSIAN WOODPECKER
  • NETS
    • Triple H Net
    • ANZA DX Net
  • QRZ.com
  • QRZCQ
  • ACMA
  • WIRELESS INSTITUE OF AUSTRALIA (WIA)
    • History
    • Callbook
    • WIA AGM Hahndorf 2017
    • WIA AGM Norfolk Island 2016
    • WIA AGM Canberra 2015
    • WIA National Field Day 2010
  • RASA
  • ALARA
  • WOMEN IN AMATEUR RADIO
  • VK5MAZ MARIJA - MY WIFE
    • QSL cards received
    • VK5 Parks Award
    • WWFF
    • Keith Roget Memorial National Parks Award
    • SOTA
    • eQSL
    • VK100AF and VI100AF
    • VK80LAN
    • MILLS ON THE AIR
    • BOTA
    • Silos On The Air (SiOTA)
    • Other Awards
    • Contesting
    • DL1DN QRP contact
    • Videos
  • WELL KNOWN AMATEURS
    • Florence Violet McKENZIE
  • HAMS I HAVE MET
    • Northern Corridor Group WA
  • SILENT KEYS
  • BELGIUM 2014
  • GET TOGETHERS
    • ANTENNAPALOOZA - 2017
    • SERG CONVENTION >
      • 2018
      • 2017
      • 2016
      • 2015
      • 2014
    • BRL GATHERING >
      • 2019
      • 2018
      • 2017
      • 2016
      • 2015
  • RADIO INTERVIEWS
  • PRESENTATIONS & EVENTS
    • 2022
    • 2021
    • 2020
    • 2019
    • 2018
    • 2017
    • 2016
    • 2015
    • 2014 >
      • SOTA & PARKS Symposium 2014
      • SOTA & Parks practical day
    • 2013
  • FACEBOOK PAGES
  • LETTERS RECEIVED
  • HAM PHOTOS
    • G4AKC Dave
    • VK9JA Norfolk Island
  • QSL CARDS FROM FELLOW POLICE OFFICERS
  • AHARS
  • STRATHALBYN AMATEUR RADIO GROUP
  • PACIFIC DXers
  • OUT AND ABOUT IN VK5
  • SCHOOL RADIO CLUB
  • VKS-737 RADIO NETWORK
  • ANTIQUE RADIOS
    • AIRZONE N3102
    • AWA
    • HOTPOINT
    • KRIESLER 11-20A BAKELITE
    • MULLARD
    • RADIOLA
    • SCHARNBERG STRAUSS
    • STROMBERG CARLSON
  • HISTORICAL RADIO SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA
  • OLD COMMUNICATION RECEIVERS
  • SHORT WAVE LISTENING (SWL)
    • SHORT WAVE EXPLAINED - VIDEOS
    • Broadcast Listeners Licence
    • My SWL receivers
    • Yaesu FRG7
    • My SWL antennas
    • My SWL QSL cards
    • What is a QSL card?
    • Reception Report tips
    • SINPO / SIO code
    • Useful websites
    • Broadcast QSL cards received
    • Amateur radio QSL cards received - VK5003SWL
    • Amateur radio QSL cards received - SWL L50000
    • Amateur Radio Awards
    • Letters received - VK5003SWL
    • WIA membership
    • SWARL
    • ARDXC
    • NASWA Journal
    • DX Monitor
    • Southern Cross DX Club
    • Amateur radio videos
    • Broadcast station videos
    • Audio files - Commercial broadcasters
    • Audio files - Amateur radio
    • World of Radio
    • World Radio TV Handbook
    • FSL ANTENNA
    • SWL pages on the Internet
    • Documents
    • Newspaper articles
    • Other articles
    • New Zealand DX Times
    • DX Guides
    • Latin American DXing
    • TECSUN
  • SHORT WAVE BROADCAST STATIONS
    • 4KZ INNISFAIL, QUEENSLAND
    • ADVENTIST WORLD RADIO
    • AFRICAN PATHWAYS
    • ALL INDIA RADIO
    • ARMED FORCES RADIO & TV NETWORK
    • AUSTRALIAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION - ABC
    • BANGLADESH BETAR
    • BAY ISLANDS RADIO
    • BBC WORLD SERVICE
    • BEIBU BAY RADIO, CHINA
    • BIBLE VOICE BROADCASTING
    • CFRX TORONTO, CANADA
    • CHINA HUYAI BROADCASTING CORPORATION
    • CHINA NATIONAL RADIO CNR2 BUSINESS RADIO
    • CHINA NATIONAL RADIO CNR6
    • CHINA NATIONAL RADIO, CNR7 THE GREAT BAY
    • CHINA NATIONAL RADIO, CNR8
    • CHINA NATIONAL RADIO CNR13
    • CHINA RADIO INTERNATIONAL
    • DEUTSCHE WELLE
    • DIMSTE WEYANE TIGRAY
    • ECHO OF HOPE, SOUTH KOREA
    • ECHO OF UNIFICATION
    • FEBA RADIO INDIA
    • FEBA RADIO PAKISTAN
    • FEBC RADIO INTERNATIONAL
    • FURUSATO NO KAZE, JAPAN
    • GHANA BROADCASTING CORPORATION
    • HCJB, ECUADOR
    • HOPE RADIO PALAU
    • KARI NATIONAL RADIO
    • KBS WORLD RADIO, SOUTH KOREA
    • KHBI, SAIPAN
    • KNLS ALASKA
    • KOL ISRAEL
    • KOREAN CENTRAL BROADCASTING STATION KCBS
    • KSDA ADVENTIST WORLD RADIO
    • KTWR, GUAM
    • KYOI, SAIPAN
    • MASHAAL RADIO
    • MYANMAR RADIO
    • NATIONAL BROADCASTING COMMISSION, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
    • NATIONAL UNITY RADIO, SOUTH KOREA
    • NHK WORLD, JAPAN
    • NIHON SHORTWAVE BROADCASTING CORP, JAPAN
    • NIPPON NO KAZE
    • NORTH KOREA REFORM RADIO
    • PAKISTAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION
    • PEACE AND PROGRESS, RUSSIA
    • PEOPLES BROADCASTING STATION GANNAN
    • PEOPLES BROADCASTING STATION HULUN BUIR
    • PEOPLES BROADCASTING STATION QINGHAI, CHINA
    • PEOPLES BROADCASTING STATION XINJIANG
    • PEOPLES BROADCASTING STATION XIZANG, CHINA
    • PYONGYANG BROADCASTING STATION
    • RAADIYYONI DIREE SHAGGAR
    • RADIO AFGHANISTAN INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO ALAZM
    • RADIO ALGERIENNE
    • RADIO AUSTRALIA
    • RADIO AUSTRIA INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO AZADI
    • RADIO BAGHDAD, IRAQ
    • RADIO BEIJING, CHINA
    • RADIO BERLIN INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO BUCHAREST, ROMANIA
    • RADIO BUDAPEST, HUNGARY
    • RADIO BULGARIA
    • RADIO CANADA INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO CHANNEL 292
    • RADIO DABANGA
    • RADIO DAP LOI SONG NUI
    • RADIO DX NORFLK ISLAND
    • RADIO EDUCACION, MEXICO
    • RADIO ETHIOPIA
    • RADIO EXTERIOR DE ESPANA
    • RADIO FARDA
    • RADIO FINLAND
    • RADIO FOR PEACE INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO FOR THE PRINT DISABLED
    • RADIO FRANCE INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO FREE ASIA
    • RADIO FREE EUROPE
    • RADIO FREE NORTH KOREA
    • RADIO HABANA, CUBA
    • RADIO IRAN INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO JAPAN
    • RADIO KOREA
    • RADIO KUWAIT
    • RADIO MADANG, PAPUA NEW GUINEA
    • RADIO MANARA INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO MARTI
    • RADIO MAZARIS SAMAY
    • RADIO MOSCOW
    • RADIO NACIONAL DA AMAZONIA
    • RADIO NDARASON INTERNATIONALE
    • RADIO NEDERLAND, NETHERLANDS
    • RADIO NEW ZEALAND
    • RADIO NIKKEI
    • RADIO NORWAY
    • RADIO PEKING
    • RADIO PORTUGAL
    • RADIO PRAGUE INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO PRAHA
    • RADIO PYONGYANG, NORTH KOREA
    • RADIO REBELDE, CUBA
    • RADIO ROMANIA INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO RSA, SOUTH AFRICA
    • RADIO SADAYE ZINDAGI
    • RADIO SINGAPORE INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO SLOVAKIA INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO SOFIA, BULGARIA
    • RADIO SWEDEN INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO TAIWAN INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO TAMAZUJ
    • RADIO TAPEI INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO TARMA, PERU
    • RADIO TASHKENT
    • RADIO THAILAND
    • RADIO TIRANA, ALBANIA
    • RADIO UKRAINE INTERNATIONAL
    • RADIO ULAN BATOR, MONGOLIA
    • RADIO VANUATU
    • RADIO VERITAS ASIA
    • RADIO VLAANDEREN
    • RADIO VOZ MISSIONARIA, BRAZIL
    • RADIO YUGOSLAVIA
    • RADYO DENGE WELAT
    • RADYO PILIPINAS
    • RAI, ITALY
    • REACH BEYOND AUSTRALIA
    • REPUBLIC OF YEMEN
    • RTM MALAYSIA
    • RTM SARAWAK
    • SAUDI ARABIA
    • SHIOKAZE - SEA BREEZE
    • SHORTWAVE AUSTRALIA
    • SINGAPORE BROADCASTING CORPORATION
    • SOLOMON ISLANDS BROADCASTING CORP (SIBC)
    • SOUND OF HOPE, CHINA
    • SWISS RADIO INTERNATIONAL
    • THAZIN RADIO, MYANMAR
    • THE OVERCOMER MINISTRY
    • TRANS WORLD RADIO
    • TRANS WORLD RADIO BONAIRE
    • TRANS WORLD RADIO INDIA
    • UNIQUE RADIO AUSTRALIA
    • UNITED NATIONS RADIO
    • VATICAN RADIO
    • VOICE OF AMERICA, USA
    • VOICE OF AMERICA ASHNA USA
    • VOICE OF AMERICA DEEWA, USA
    • VOICE OF FREE CHINA
    • VOICE OF GREECE
    • VOICE OF HOPE, AFRICA
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ACCESSING PRIVATE PROPERTY.

In 2014 I undertook some enquiries with the South Australian Lands Titles Office, Department of Planning, Transport, and Infrastructure, and also the SA Legal Services Commission, and queried them re the legality of access to privately owned land which has a trig point situated on it.  I had heard rumours that if there was a trig point, then the land owner was required to allow access to the public to the trig point. I decided to seek some official clarification on the South Australian perspective.
Picture
Under the Survey Act 1992, land surveyors have the right to enter onto private land to access trig points.

The Act states that a survey mark is…..

(a)  a mark or peg of a kind specified in survey instructions ion force under this Act that is placed on or in land for the purposes of defining a boundary of the land; or
(b)  a permanent survey mark.
Section 46 of the Survey Act 1992 states…..
A surveyor, or a person authorised in writing by a surveyor, may-
(a)  at any reasonable time, enter any land for the purpose of carrying out work in connection with a survey; and
(b)  take such action as is necessary to enable the survey to be carried out effectively (including excavating or breaking the surface of land to the extent necessary to uncover or place a survey mark).

It is also an offence under the Act to hinder or obstruct a person in the exercise of a power conferred by the Act.

So, the rumours are INCORRECT !  

You cannot enter land that has a trig point on it, unless you have the permission of the land owner.

In England, there is the freedom to roam, or everyman’s right.  This relates to the general public’s right to access certain public of privately owned land for recreation and exercise.  In both England and Wales, public access rights apply to certain categories of mainly uncultivated land—specifically “mountain, moor, heath, down and registered common land.”   Developed land, gardens and certain other areas are specifically excluded from the right of access.   Agricultural land is accessible if it falls within one of the categories described above.  Some other European countries have similar rights of access.  

Here in Australia, we have no such rights of access.
​

There are some exceptions to access across privately owned land here in South Australia.  This includes the Heysen Trail, which is a long distance walking trail (1,200 km) stretching from the Flinders Ranges, via the Adelaide Hills, to the Fleurieu Peninsula.  Part of the trail traverses private property.  However this access would be documented and possibly included as right of way in the Title.
Picture
Section 17 of the Summary Offences Act 1953 of South Australia states…..
​

(1)  Where-
(a)  a person trespasses on premises; and
(b)  the nature of the trespass is such as to interfere with the enjoyment of the premises by the occupier; and
(c)  the trespasser is asked by an authorised person to leave the premises,
the trespasser is, if he or she fails to leave the premises forthwith or again trespasses on the premises within 24 hours of being asked to leave, guilty of an offence. 
At the start of 2015, I was doing some work to confirm the name of a summit on the Fleurieu Peninsula, south of Adelaide.  The hill was recorded as ‘un-named’ VK5/ SE-016, on the Summits on the Air (SOTA) database.  As it turns out the summit is actually called Black Bullock Hill.  

What I did find out when researching this summit, was that there was a virtual Geocache located at this summit as part of the Geocaching program.
Picture
There were references in the Geocaching Logs on the internet, for this summit, such as:

“This trig was just beyond the fence so Mr S decided to quickly climb over.  It was only then that he discovered the top strand was live.  Quickly took a photo and then Mrs S held the strand down with a stick whilst he made the return journey’.

I had also paid Noel and Anne a visit at Mount Gawler VK5/ SE-013, where there is also a trig point, and where there is also a virtual geocache.  Again, on the Geocache Australia site, and under the Log notes, I read the following:

‘Arrived to find locked gate and no sign of life at house, so did the climb gate, take photo, high tail outa there trick’

and

‘Trig point is on a common access road although the gate may be locked at times this means the owner to the property ‘Noel’ isn’t home.  Access cannot be denied but it would be polite to ask, although the Trig point is befoe you reach the house……’
​

These comments by the Geocachers got me thinking again about the issue of Trespassing, and access to land where trig points exist.
I contacted Geocaching Management via email, and got a very prompt reply from them.  They advised that they had removed these 2 geocaches from the list.  They went on to say:

‘You are correct in that no unauthorised person is allowed to access an area without landholders consent.  The trigpoints were derived from Geoscience Australia and slowly we’ve been weeding out the legally and physically inaccessible ones. Any member has the ability to de-list a trig found to be on private property……….I’ll be posting on our forums to remind geocachers to respect private boundaries when out and about (something they should be doing anyway)’.

I also telephoned Steve, the Manager of Survey Operations and at the Department of Planning, Transport and Infrastructure.  I had previously corresponded with Steve, who had previously stated that the land owner:

‘has the right to deny entry to the said trig point to everyone except surveyors carrying out their work…….Land owners are within their rights to deny access to trig points on their land for any prupose other than surveying’.

Only a surveyor or a person authorised by a surveyor, may enter private property, under the authority of the Survey Act 1992.  There is no ‘freedom to roam’ or ‘everymans right’ as exists in the United Kingdom.


So PLEASE, ignore any RUMOURS you may have heard about being able to access private property.  They are just that, ill-based rumours, which may land you in hot water with the law, and spoil things for other SOTA activators.


Picture
DO NOT access private property, unless you have the expressed permission of the land owner.





References.

1.  Australian Lesson Activities – Maths, viewed 31 January 2014, http://www.expedition360.com/australia_lessons_maths/2001/09/trig_points_and_geometry.html
2.  State Library of South Australia, viewed 31 January 2014, http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au
3.  The Friends of the Heysen Trail and Other Walking Trails, viewed 31 January, 2014, http://www.heysentrail.asn.au/heysen_trail/faq.php
4.  The Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping, viewed 31 January, 2014, http://www.icsm.gov.au
5.  Wikipedia, 2014, Heysen Trail, viewed 31 January 2014,  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heysen_Trail
6.  Wikipedia, Triangulation station, viewed 31 January 2014, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangulation_station

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